Height: Averages 10 inches (male); Averages 9 1/2 inches (female).
Size: Very small.
Weight: Averages 14 pounds (male); Averages 13 (female).
Availability: May take some effort to find.
Description:
This peppy, very hardy little terrier has an abundant shaggy outer coat with a soft downy undercoat. The coat comes in red, brindle, blackish, sand and various shades of gray. Any color except white is acceptable, though dark points (ears, eyes and muzzle) are preferred. Adult coat color is hard to predict from the puppy coat as the color often continues to change for several years. The Cairn Terrier has a compact body, about 14 inches from forechest to back of hindquarters. The head is broad, with bushy topknot and eyebrows and a black nose. The ears are small, pointy and erect. The short hairy tail is carried gaily. Faults to avoid: missing teeth, pinkish nose, white on the chest or feet, soft or curly body coat.
History:
Named for the piles of small stones used to mark Scottish farm borders and graves, the Cairn Terrier's job was to rout small animals from their lairs in these stone piles. Though used for such purposes for centuries, the Cairn Terrier is now primarily a companion dog. He also excels at Terrier (Go-To-Ground) trials. Everyone remembers a Cairn called "Toto" in the film "The Wizard of Oz." The Cairn is one of Scotland's original terriers, probably a contributor to today's Scottish, West Highland White and Skye Terrier breeds.
Notes:
Good for apartment living. Coat needs brushing weekly and bathing once a month. Trimming and stripping the coat twice a year will keep the dog looking his best. Likes to dig in backyards, searching for vermin. Do not leave unsupervised in a landscaped yard! Can be a chaser; don't let off lead in an unsecured area. One vigorous walk per day will provide enough exercise for the Cairn. Never leave a Cairn tied out, as he may fight larger dogs to protect his turf, sometimes with tragic consequences. Do not overfeed as this breed tends to gain weight easily. Limit treats, even though the dog may be almost irresistible when begging! Cairns tend to be allergic to fleas.
Talents:
Hunting, tracking, watchdog, agility, competitive obedience, and performing tricks.
Personality:
Spirited, hardy, restless little busybody. A big dog in a small dog's body. Alert, loyal, merry, lovable and mischievous. Somewhat independant, but friendly. Females tend to be more independant than males, and some breeders feel the males are more affectionate. Very curious, fearless and bold. Likes to do tricks. Easily trainable. Naturally patient with children and very playful. Sensitive, needs firm, but not harsh, training and discipline. Without attention and training, the Cairn can become destructive and/or bark excessively. Adapts well to new homes.
Behavior:
Children: Best with older, considerate children.
Friendliness: Fairly friendly with strangers.
Trainability: Easy to train.
Independence: Fairly independent.
Dominance: Moderate.
Other Pets: Generally good with other pets.
Combativeness: Can be a bit dog-aggressive.
Noise: Average barker.
Indoors: Very active indoors.
Owner: Good for novice owners.
Grooming and Physical Needs:
Grooming: A little grooming needed.
Trimming & Stripping: Moderate trimming or stripping needed.
Coat: Medium long coat.
Shedding: Very light.
Exercise: Moderate exercise needed.
Jogging: Small, but a pretty good jogging companion.
Apartments: Will be OK in an apartment if sufficiently exercised.
Outdoor Space: Does all right without a yard.
Climate: Does well in most climates.
Longevity: Moderately long lived (12 to 15 years).
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