Vomiting is when your dog actively expels the contents of their stomach and is typically accompanied by retching. Vomiting is not a diagnosis, but rather a symptom of another illness or condition.
Recognizing Vomiting in Dogs
In many cases, before vomiting, dogs will drool, swallow excessively, or lick their lips. The act of vomiting can be forceful and distressing to some dogs. Typically, vomited materials include food, froth, and saliva.
Vomiting is sometimes confused with coughing when your dog forces air out of its lungs, and regurgitation, which is when your dog spits up undigested food without retching or heavy abdominal contractions.
Most cases of vomiting resolve themselves without medical attention. However, if your dog vomits multiple times in a row or for more than a day, it could be a sign of a more serious illness and require a trip to the vet. If your dog has any of the following symptoms along with vomiting, medical attention is recommended:
- Fever
- Tiredness
- Loss of appetite
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Dehydration
- Blood in vomit
Causes of Vomiting
The most common causes of vomiting are eating something that upsets the stomach and internal parasites. Vomiting can also be a symptom of other conditions including:
- Allergies
- Bacterial or viral infections
- Inflammatory conditions
- Intestinal obstruction
- Organ dysfunction
- Cancer
Even vomiting caused by minor illnesses or irritations can cause dehydration and other conditions if left untreated. That said, if your dog’s vomiting persists, consult your veterinarian.
What to Expect at Your Veterinarian Visit
If your dog isn’t showing any other signs of illness, your vet may perform tests to eliminate parasites and infections as causes.
If additional symptoms are present, your vet may run other tests designed to identify the underlying cause of the vomiting. These can include:
- Blood and urine test
- X-rays and ultrasound
- Biopsies
- Exploratory surgery
If your vet determines your dog’s vomiting is caused by a minor condition or eating something they shouldn’t, they will likely recommend adjustments in their diet — including withholding food — until the vomiting stops. Prescription medications can also be used to control vomiting, and your veterinarian will decide on these based on your dog’s specific diagnosis. In some cases, your vet might recommend a specific or prescription diet for your dog while they recover.
If your dog’s condition is more serious, your veterinarian will work closely with you to gain a clear understanding of the problem and provide the right treatment plan for your pet — which could include special food, supplements, and probiotics to keep their digestive system healthy.
Be sure to seek veterinarian advice before beginning any treatment and follow their recommendations to help manage your dog’s symptoms.